Introducing a Promising Mosquito Control Tool: Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)

The Pasco County Mosquito Control District is preparing to launch a proof-of-concept trial using sterilized male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes as part of our integrated mosquito management program. This trial will evaluate whether this innovative, environmentally friendly technique can help reduce populations of Aedes aegypti in our local area.  Aedes aegypti is the primary mosquito species responsible for spreading dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever.

What Is Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)?

SIT is not a new concept. In fact, it has been used successfully around the world for over 70 years to control pest populations such as fruit flies, screwworms, and tsetse flies. The technique involves releasing sterilized male insects that, when they mate with wild females, result in eggs that do not hatch. Over time, this leads to a gradual and targeted population decline in the release area.

This method has been recognized as a safe, sustainable, and species-specific form of pest control—and now it is being adapted for use against mosquitoes in protecting public health.

How Does It Work Here?

In our trial, male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes sterilized using low-dose X-rays will be released in selected areas, this does NOT use Genetically Modified Organism (non-GMO). These males are received from a trusted private partner who handles the sterilization process offsite before shipping them to our facility.

It’s important to note that only male mosquitoes will be released—and males do not bite or transmit diseases. Their sole role is to seek out wild female mosquitoes and compete with local males for mating. We will also be conducting evaluation in our insectary to determine how well these sterilized males compete and how long they survive compared to wild males.

Why This Approach?

SIT offers several benefits:

• It reduces the target mosquito population over time.
• It is non-toxic, non-GMO, and leaves no environmental residue.
• It can be integrated into existing mosquito control strategies for long-term impact.

This technique is already in use by other Florida districts, including Lee County and Anastasia Mosquito Control District, where it has shown promising results in reducing Aedes aegypti populations in populated, urban areas. Our goal is to assess its effectiveness under Pasco County’s specific environmental conditions and determine whether it can become a part of our future control efforts.

Stay Informed and Involved

As this trial progresses, we will provide updates and educational resources to keep our community informed every step of the way. We welcome your questions and encourage community engagement as we explore innovative tools to protect public health.

Together, we can reduce mosquito populations safely and sustainably in our ongoing efforts to protect public health in Pasco County.